The Soils of Early Farmers and Their Neighbors in the Southern Buh Catchment (Ukraine): Micromorphology and Archaeological Context

The problems regarding hunter-gatherer/early farmer interactions are quite an important topic in southeast European archaeology. According to the available data, two economic subsistence systems have coexisted for some 2000 years during 6th–4th millennia cal BC (Telegin 1985; Lillie et al., 2001). In areas, hunter-gatherer and early sites located just a few kilometers apart. Southern Buh River valley has yielded evidence of Linear Pottery culture, Trypillia B1 Neolithic settlements as well with pottery attributable so-called sub-Neolithic or para-Neolithic (Haskevych 2019; Kiosak 2021). Trial-trenches been opened within these sites, which radiocarbon-dated from Bern University laboratory (LARA). Soil samples micromorphological analysis collected interpret their paleogenetic formation. soil development is attested since, at least, beginning 5th mill BC, followed by developed chernozem soils, was interrupted erosional episode end millennium BC. data show that soils farmers arable present day ones. were able exploit relatively heavy cultivate wheat barley 5250–5050 contrast, ceramic hunter-gatherers often on formed under wet conditions along seasonally flooded riverbanks, almost unsuitable agricultural practices.